Resilience and Reform: The Normative Shift in Kuki-Zo Society

For long, we have rightfully mourned the loss and deep scars left by the ongoing conflict. Our energies have been devoted to documenting our suffering and counting the cost. But now, as a semblance of peace returns, let us shift our gaze to the opportunities and growth born out of adversity.

History reminds us that even the darkest chapters can become turning points. Wars, though inherently destructive, have often sparked critical transformation be it technological innovation, new institutions, bold ideas, and far-reaching social reforms. The internet, for instance, emerged from Cold War competition; the United Nations was born from the ashes of World War II.

Similarly, our society now stands at a critical juncture. If we choose to harness it wisely, this moment of crisis can also become a catalyst for long-term positive change. While we must never glorify war, we should also not ignore the possibilities for growth that can emerge from this debilitation.

What is normative shift?

The conflict has resulted in a significant normative shift within the Kuki-Zo community. By this I refer to a change in our collective values, beliefs, and expectations about what is considered right, legitimate, or necessary in society be it morally, politically, or culturally which I believe will serve as the foundation for a broader legal, institutional, or cultural reforms.

New perception of politics

To begin with, we traditionally place a deep trust in the state, depending on it for our security, welfare, and development. However, the outbreak of ethnic violence, coupled with the government’s perceived inaction or complicity, has sparked a deep sense of disillusionment with state institutions. There is a shift in our political mentality. It has I believed changed our perception about our neighbouring community, the state and our place in this political context. We have now shifted from a firm believer of the state to sceptic of the state. We are moving towards what Ronald Reagan once wittingly remark, “The nine most terrifying words in the English language are: I’m from the government, and I’m here to help” to indicate suspicion and scepticism of the role of the government.

People’s Movement as a new political strategy?

Corollary to this political awakening is the emergence the idea of people-led movement— marked by grassroots mobilization and civic engagement. The Delhi Declaration, initiated by the Delhi Kuki Students’ Organisation (KSO), along with efforts by our community leaders in Hyderabad and Manipur, signals a departure from traditional political strategies to collective action.

Equally noteworthy is the public outcry against acts of gender-based violence, including protests over cases of rape and murder issues that were once silenced or dealt with strictly

under customary practices. The bold stand taken by women’s groups like Zalen Numei in Delhi reflects a breaking of taboos and a new willingness to confront deeply rooted social injustices.

Community Empowerment and Self-Reliance

This crisis has also awakened a powerful sense of shared responsibility within us. We have begun to tap into the vast potential of our diaspora and mobilize funds through crowdfunding for healthcare, education, emergency aid, and infrastructure.
A significant example of this is the establishment of six KSO Community Schools, which now provide education to displaced children, forming village volunteers for our security to crowdfunding infrastructure projects like the D. Phailen Road, Gangpimual blacktopping, and the IB Road in Lamka are noteworthy.

The role of the Church has also been redirected from its traditional focus on spiritual and religious services to take humanitarian role such as supporting education for displaced students, providing relief and rehabilitation materials etc.

What emerged from necessity is now becoming a new norm: the belief that we cannot—and should not—rely solely on external actors for our progress marks the beginning of a more self-reliant and community-driven approach to development.

The Digital Frontline of Conflict

Another striking realization during the crisis has been that in digital age, war is also waged in cyberspace not only on ground. We have seen that in the larger political context what is seen and circulated online sometimes matters more than what happens on the ground.

The rise of social media “warriors” and digital campaigns has shown how narratives, misinformation, and visibility shape public perception.

This has led to a heightened awareness of the power of digital media and the critical importance of maintaining an active and informed presence online. Undeniably, a strong push toward digital literacy. We thus learned and acquired a new strategy for political protest and movement.

Some other promising development in this regard has been the emergence of community- driven information on electronic and digital platforms. Initiatives like Field Notes by the Zomi Students’ Federation (ZSF) and Thingkho le Malcha by the Kuki Students’ Organisation (KSO) offer timely, well-curated news bulletins from the ground.

The Growing Realisation of Mental Health

One of the quieters, yet profound shifts brought about by the conflict has been our growing awareness of mental health. Traditionally, we either ignored mental well-being or misunderstood it. However, given the crisis we faced and the emotional toll of prolonged violence, displacement, and trauma has compelled many to confront the psychological scars left behind. Conversations around anxiety, depression, and PTSD have slowly entered our public discourse. There is a growing acknowledgment that healing is not just physical or material, but also emotional. This shift—though still in its early stages—is a positive step toward building a more empathetic, and emotionally aware society.

Building on Our Own Future

We should not let these positive developments to not remain a temporary response to crisis. We should nurture and institutionalised them for long-term growth and development. It’s time we follow John F. Kennedy once famously said, “Ask not what your country can do for you—ask what you can do for your country.” And finally, like the Churchillian dictum said “If each of us does our duty, we shall not fail”. We shall overcome!

(The author is a Ph.D. Scholar at the University of Hyderabad)